The Three Theban Plays (The Theban Plays, #1-3) by Sophocles Review

This review contains spoilers for The Three Theban Plays.

The Three Theban Plays consists of Antigone, Oedipus the King, and Oedipus at Colonus, in addition to supplemental information and introductions provided by the translators in order for the reader to truly understand the significance of the plays, the influence that Sophocles had on dramas and tragedies, and key components of each play. I had a great appreciation for the introductions provided for each play, as it allowed myself as the reader to become more immersed into the true story-telling we were seeing come to life. Of the three, I have to say that Oedipus the King was my favorite - more so because of the revelations made, prophecies set by the gods, internal turmoil, and the attempt to intervene one's fate.

The gradual realization that Oedipus has in fact fulfilled the fate of sleeping with his mother and murdering his own father was captivating. As readers, we knew this was coming and were prepared for the fallout - however, seeing the actual culmination of Oedipus discovering this information was an entirely riveting experience. Prior to truly diving deep into his story, we touch upon the tale of one of his daughters in Antigone, with the titular character taking the lead as we witness her take charge of her own choices and the consequences of said choices. The eventful discovery by Oedipus of his own actions catapults him into this internal hellscape of trying to rectify the remaining days of his life and coming to terms that he did fulfill the fate handed to him. Gouging out his eyes and going into exile in attempt to atone for killing his father and having children with his mother is the only choice to him.

Reading all three plays together allows the reader to have the upmost regard for each play on their own, but more so the final tale and outcome - with the additional information at hand, the reader is able to understand the overall themes and conclusions that Sophocles wanted to instill to the audience. The realizations made by a variety of characters hone in on the overall subject matter as well as seeing how characters are doomed to their own fates, especially when they were the ones who set the fates in motion. As there is no right or wrong solution presented by Sophocles, we are simply an audience to bear witness to characters, in particular, Creon, that have this sense of righteousness where he believe what he is doing is the right choice.

These works definitely opened my eyes and greatened my appreciation for the development and additions to tragedies and dramas, along with the translators explaining the importance of prose and the callback to Poetics. As I make my way through the Penguin Classics collection, I have to say these works have sparked my enjoyment for plays once again. I wish I had a greater background in Greek plays to be able to speak on these plays in a more extensive sense, however with the knowledge I do have, I can say my appreciation is still there.

You can add The Three Theban Plays on Goodreads now.

You can catch up with me and my current reads by friending me on Goodreads and following this blog, my Twitter (X), and my Instagram in order to stay up-to-date with any reviews, blog tours, and more!

The Divine Comedy (La Divina Commedia, #1-3) by Dante Alighieri, Robin Kirkpatrick (translator) Review

This is a spoiler-free review!

I have not read classic literature in some time and have had this collection on my shelf for a little over six months - it was time to dive into La Divina Commedia in its entirety. Inferno details Dante's descent into Hell, Purgatorio follows Dante as he finds his way back to Beatrice, and Paradiso finalizes the collection with Dante going to Heaven and beyond. The structure of Dante's canti in all three installations is easy to follow and creates a flow in which the reader is able to process information quickly and often without any difficulty. The addition of the translator's timeline and notes for specifics lines in the canti truly aids in the reader's understanding of both context and intent behind Dante's choice of words as well as his commentary throughout his journey.

Inferno's description of Dante's travels into the coldness of Hell with the guidance of Virgil speaks volumes to the picture of Hell the public had during Dante's time - freezing layers compiled and structured for specific sins and offenses, each one more torturous than the last. The way Dante is able to describe the horrors faced by sinning individuals as the circles of Hell are explored and assigned to a sin was intriguing - as someone who was raised Catholic, we never went in depth on this aspect of religion, rather focusing on life before and after the crucifixion. As Dante attempts to find salvation, these circles confront him with the consequences of committing sins and what may be in store for others.

Purgatorio continues Dante's journey as he begins the climb up the Mount of Purgatory after emerging from Hell. As he makes his way through the nine levels, he encounters and observes sinners as they too await their exit from Purgatory. Through these observations, Dante is able to become a better man and continue on in his journey as he takes what he has learned and enters the Garden of Eden. This second installment invites the reader to bear witness to redemption and self reflection through allegory. The canti are somewhat more complex than those found in Inferno, but once you are able to get your bearings, it moves along quickly. There is a much larger religious tone and commentary from Dante here, and with the knowledge that he was critical of how Christianity was being practiced, it is understandable that he aims to more extensive in his commentary.

Paradiso wraps up his venture as ascension to Heaven is complete, and Dante finds himself in the space beyond as he transcends. This final volume allows Dante to give his own interpretation of what the heavens reflect, as well detailing a transcend toward the Trinity. He is finally reunited with Beatrice and readers are exposed to detailed descriptions of astronomy and theology as Dante reaches his final place. I would say this is heaviest of the three to get through, as Dante's canti lean more into Beatrice's relationship to theology and the astronomical makeup of the heavens. Compared to the other two volumes, I would say Paradiso was not as drawing to me as a reader and fell in ranking when it comes to holding my interest.

The complete collection was a pleasure to read - as someone who does not engage in religious exploration often, it was interesting to see the expansion on stages of life, consequences, and influence it has on an individual. Dante's experiences as he makes his way through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven is enriching and thought-provoking. Kirkpatrick's incredibly detailed notes at the end of the three volumes was even more eye-opening, and it has further powered my interest in furthering my classical literature exploration and understanding.

You can add The Divine Comedy on Goodreads now.

You can catch up with me and my current reads by friending me on Goodreads and following this blog, my Twitter (X), and my Instagram in order to stay up-to-date with any reviews, blog tours, and more!

Dracula by Bram Stoker Review

This is a spoiler-free review!

Going into this book, I had a different idea of what the tone and focus of the story would be -- and I was pleasantly surprised on how much I enjoyed the formatting of this classic. Stoker utilizes diary entries, journaling, phonographs, and newspaper articles to string together Jonathan Harker's encounter with Count Dracula, and the consequences that followed. The use of multiple perspectives of side characters in addition to Jonathan allowed the story to unfold and the reader is able to see the true outcome of Jonathan's stay with the Count.

There were a few points in the story where I felt as though Stoker was losing his audience, and I found myself pushing through side plots that only aided the main story for a brief moment. The majority of the book, to my surprise, takes place in both England and in Transylvania, with a number of locations as the tale moves back and forth between Jonathan and his wife, Mira, as she waits for his return home. Rather than focus on the environment or surroundings in this story, it was more so the emotions that took precedence as the characters sought to protect themselves from tales of the undead.

Introducing a number of side characters to Jonathan's story, Stoker is able to give the reader a more enhanced understanding of the way society viewed the lore of the Count. With Mira's letters and diary entries, along with Dr. Van Helsing and numerous other individuals, readers are truly given the full perspective -- if only we were able to have a single chapter from Dracula's point of view. There were times where chapters from Mira's entries felt as though they were taking away from Jonathan's story, and I was frustrated with the focus being turned to her worrying about him for forty pages instead of actually seeing what was going on with him and Dracula at his estate.

Humor is sprinkled in throughout the story, and while sparse, it does make the characters more enjoyable and personable, especially for the characters that do not have nearly as many dedicated chapters to their thoughts and diary entries. Some of the reasoning of solutions that characters would come with in order to protect themselves were downright hilarious, especially when claiming a string of garlic was actually a flower necklace.

As far as pacing goes, it takes a minute to readjust yourself to the language of the story, but a few chapters in and you will have the hang of it in no time. When Jonathan was while Dracula, the story moves quickly and entices the reader, but I found myself losing a touch of interest when we abandoned Dracula and moved to a new subplot. Once Dracula was no longer the main event, the story began to drag on and the last 15% of the book was tough to push through, but I was determined to see this classic to the end. I wish Stoker had expanded more on Jonathan's experience with Dracula, rather than only showing their interactions briefly compared to the aftermath.

An excellent piece of gothic literature that explores the horrors of men and monsters while remaining open to interpretation regarding the true nature of violence and society. A true classic and essential piece to truly understand the genre as a whole as well as one of the most popular characters in horror.

You can add Dracula on Goodreads now.

You can catch up with me and my current reads by friending me on Goodreads and following this blog, my Twitter, and my Instagram in order to stay up-to-date with any reviews, blog tours, and more!

The Secret History by Donna Tartt Review

This is a spoiler-free review! A list of trigger warnings can be found here.

The opening line will have you hooked from the very beginning -- knowing that a student is dead and the narrator had something to do with it so explicitly before even knowing the main character's name feels as though you know a secret that you should not. You are not even familiar with the personal information about Richard, yet you are immediately privy to his deepest secret.

Our main characters include Richard, Henry, Charles, Camilla, Francais, and our deceased student, Bunny. It is quickly established in the story who exactly runs this social circle of exclusive Greek students, with the top of the hierarchy led by Henry, and everyone else following his every move and Latin conjugation. Unlike the rest of the group, Richard is not wealthy and comes to university on a scholarship in hopes of swapping out his pre-medical track for studying the classics and continuing his Greek education.

I found that as I read the story, the more angered towards Bunny I became. At first, he simply appears to be yet another pretentious classics student, but his flaws continue to unravel and reveal themselves as Richard becomes closer to him. As Richard recounts the events leading up to Bunny's death, we learn more about Bunny's character and his hateful views as he deceives the people he calls friends in an attempt to be viewed as part of the elite.

Obviously, murder is wrong and should not be condoned, but well... Bunny... had to go. He was a deceitful human being with racist, anti-semetic, homophobic, and bigoted views, and was mooching off of his friends in hopes that they would not even care that he would never pay a single cent. Bunny expected everyone to drop what they were doing in order to help him, whether it be take him to the eye doctor or cover his share of the tab for dinner. He was stuck in this endless cycle of living up to the facade he created for himself and constantly, in vain, attempted to top whatever eccentric story or adventure he previously told.

The infamous 100-page chapter is anything but a rumor, and perhaps contains the most in-depth detailing about all of the students and the way that they not only deal with grief and emotions, but how they respond to the environment that they so meticulously created. While this chapter is longer than the usual chapter found in books, I have to say that it flowed so well that you do not even notice it has been going on for so long. The specific events in the chapter require a lot of elaboration and detail, and Tartt does an excellent job in captivating the reader to hang onto every word.

Some of the most beautiful and insightful thoughts are shared in The Secret History, with Tartt incorporating influential classic figures with 1980s pop culture as college students are finding themselves and finding out what they are truly capable of. For a group of twenty-somethings, they are incredibly mature and show an understanding of complex viewpoints, while also showing the immaturity that is going through life as they attempt to find their purpose. Even after finishing this book, I find "beauty is terror" utterly simplistic yet profound -- who knew just three words could encompass such a intense notion that one must truly fear the final product.

The last 120 pages or so had my jaw dropping left an right -- some things had me shocked, and others had me surprised that Tartt had actually taken certain relationships to the level that she did. Everything ties together as you watch this group of amateur classicists reap the consequences of their actions and gain a much more finite understanding on not only death, but life.

I have to say that this book may not be for everyone -- as stated before, not only are the characters in this book pretentious, but so is the writing. You need to know what you are getting yourself into before starting this journey. As someone who loves the philosophy and took a number of classes in classics, I was ready to be reading the most pretentious book in the room. Riddled with morally grey characters with a knack for knocking people down a few pegs at every chance they get, Tartt creates a competitive environment that allows their egos to flourish and their rationale to go out the window as they embark on a Hellenistic journey.

You can add The Secret History on Goodreads now, and follow the author to stay up to date with releases and publications.

You can catch up with me and my current reads by friending me on Goodreads and following this blog, my Twitter, and my Instagram in order to stay up-to-date with any reviews, blog tours, and more!

The Yellow Wall-Paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Review

The Yellow Wall-Paper is available to read for free on iBooks! This review contains spoilers for The Yellow Wall-Paper.

With the intent of bringing his wife to a rental home for fresh air and a calmer environment to heal her from illness, a doctor unintentionally -- or perhaps, intentionally -- causes his wife to dive deeper into a madness. We see a woman isolated, alone yet almost never out of sight from her husband, John, or his sister, Jennie. Left to her own devices when they want her to rest, she begins to analyze and critique the old and decaying yellow wallpaper that surrounds her.

The author does an incredible job of describing this wallpaper with such detail that it not only becomes the prominent plot point of the story, but a character itself. No longer is the wallpaper a mere inanimate decoration for this woman's room, but rather something that is alive and stirring. The more time she spends alone in solitude with only this wallpaper, the more we see the woman descend into a madness that reflects the conceptualized place of women in their marriage.

Any time that the woman expresses a need to leave this country house or renovate the bedroom wallpaper, her husband dismisses the ideas and speaks to her in an infantilizing manner that is sure to contribute to her worsening depression. Left only with the yellow wallpaper as a companion of sorts, she is swept into following the pattern on the walls and hyper-fixating on what she believes is a woman trapped behind the paper. While not a true horror in name, the author does an exceptional job of creating an atmosphere where you can physically feel the woman's pain overcome her, even though it is not physical.

As one of the first takes on feminism and reflection on a woman's inherent role in a marriage, we see a woman -- who is never named, but rather referred to as someone's possession or in relation to another. A child's mother. A doctor's wife. But never given a name of her own, perhaps to encompass any individual who may relate to her and allow themselves to place themself in her shoes. She is left virtually helpless in a room that feeds on her loneliness and desperation to be free of the confines of the yellow wallpaper, while anyone who could help her leave is actively keeping her in a house she so desperately wants to be free of.

The more she becomes infatuated with the wallpaper, the more she shows a fear or aversion to John, suggesting that as she continues to live this life as a wife or mother instead of simply her own person, she is trapped by the constraints of what society and her husband expect from her. She is left misunderstood despite being explicitly clear on her feelings about the very wallpaper that heads her spiral, very much reflecting how women have been and continue to be treated in society's view of a marriage. Ignoring the true root of the problem in favor of his own ideas of how to "cure" his wife, the husband is shown to think he is doing what he can to help her, but rather is the one to undo her even more.

The Yellow Wall-Paper remains relevant as ever as a commentary on mental health, marital roles and expectations, feminism, and individual identity. In less than one hundred pages, the author is able to depict so many ever-lasting issues that continue to affect today's society.

You can add The Yellow Wall-Paper on Goodreads now, as well as other works by the author.

You can catch up with me and my current reads by friending me on Goodreads and following this blog, my Twitter, and my Instagram in order to stay up-to-date with any reviews, blog tours, and more!

Lord of the Flies by William Golding Review

Lord of the Flies by William Golding

This book was insane. You’re thrown straight into the situation of being stranded on an island after a plane crash with a bunch of young school boys, and have to guide yourself through the details that come up immediately in the first chapter. The character development was extreme, to say the least, and the way that all the boys had evolved while they were on the island was truly horrifying. They became something that was unrecognizable as a child, and turned into savages that prayed on each other and fought for the power over all. The author did a fantastic job showing us how the bid adapted to the island at first, but it began to become hard to follow as the story progresses and had me struggling to distinguish between characters at some points. The novel did not go in the direction that I had expected it to go in, but I was also surprised how it turned out in the end. It was refreshing to read a book that was from the perspective of young boys rather than the usual point of view of a teenage girl, which made this book so much more of a read than a simple skim through as many people do. I definitely recommend this novel to those who are fans of classic novels as well as adventure tales and survival books.

“He found himself understanding the wearisomeness of this life, where every path was an improvisation and a considerable part of one's waking life was spent watching one's feet.” 
― William Golding, Lord of the Flies